Economy

Upsurge in oil prices boosts Nigeria’s revenue above budget estimates

Tunde Ayodele

The upsurge in the prices of the international oil benchmark, Brent crude, has pushed Nigeria’s oil revenue above the estimate in the 2021 budget.

Brent, against which the country’s crude oil is priced, has been trading more than $20 higher than the Federal Government’s benchmark for this year’s budget in recent months.

The 2021 budget, which was signed by President Muhammadu Buhari, on December 31, was based on an oil price benchmark of $40 per barrel and a production level of 1.86 million barrels per day.

According to the budget, 30 per cent (N2.01tn) of projected revenues is to come from oil-related sources while 70 per cent is to be earned from non-oil sources.

Brent crude, which closed at $51.22 per barrel in December, reached the $60 per barrel mark in February and rose further to as high as $70 per barrel before paring some of its gains. It closed at $64.86 per barrel on Thursday.

For Nigeria, which relies on crude oil for about 50 per cent of government revenues and over 90 per cent of export earnings, rising oil price means increased revenue.

On the other hand, rising oil price also translates to increased cost of petroleum products as the country depends heavily on imports due to lack of domestic refining.

Using an average price of $60 per barrel and a production level of 1.42 million barrels per day, the country’s total oil revenue stood at $2.39bn in February, compared to a budgeted revenue of $2.08billion.

The Organisation of the Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC), in its monthly oil market report for March, said the country’s oil production rose by 63,000 barrels to 1.42 million bpd in February, based on direct communication.

“Crude oil output increased mainly in Nigeria, Iraq, Iran IR, Venezuela and Libya, while production decreased primarily in Saudi Arabia and Angola,” the 13-member group said.

OPEC had in February said the rise in global oil prices could brighten Nigeria’s outlook this year.

Economy

FG may merge NIWA with NPA, stop funding recurrent expenditure of MAN, ORON in a public service reform

—–as FG ready to implement Orosanye report

The Eyewitness reporter

In a major civil service restructuring exercise that is expected to be implemented in 2023, the federal government may merge the functions and duties of the National Inland Waterways Authority (NIWA) with the Nigerian Ports Authority (NPA).

Similarly, the government will stop funding the recurrent expenditures of the Maritime Academy of Nigeria (MAN), ORON, but still retains the funding for capital projects of the school.

The reform is part of the recommendations of the Orosanye report on the merger and scrapping of some federal Ministries, Departments and Agencies of government (MDAs).

In 2011, Stephen Oronsaye submitted a report to downsize the federal service commission and eliminate the duplication of duties by the 541 Fed Govt parastatals, commissions, Ministries, Departments and Agencies (MDAs).

According to the report, Nigeria stands to save over N300bn if Federal Government should implement the white of Orosanye report which recommended the scrapping or merger of 400 out of the 541 MDAs next year.

Our reporter gathered from the report that the functions and duties of NIWA would be subsumed under the NPA to cost costs.

The committee said that there is a duplication of some of the duties and functions of the two agencies which should be undertaken by the NPA.

It could be recalled that the core duties of NIWA include overseeing the waterways transportation and dredging some of the channels of the waterways for safe navigation of water crafts, which overlap with the functions of the NPA.

On the activities of MAN, ORON, the committee suggested that the government should stop funding the recurrent expenditures of the school like staff salaries which the report suggested could be funded by the school through the fees and other levies placed on students.

The government will, however, continue to fund the significant capital projects in the school for enhanced efficiency.

Before becoming the Head of the Civil Service, Orosanye had a rich stint in the private sector and brought his experience of judiciously managing resources to bear on the Civil Service.

Members of the committee included: Japh CT Nwosu; Rabiu D. Abubakar, Salman Mann; Hamza A. Tahir; Adetunji Adesunkanmi; and Umar Mohammed.

Recommendations were made for 263 of the statutory agencies to collapse into 161, a merger of 52 agencies, and the outright expungement of 38 redundant agencies while returning 14 as sub-units In ministries.

And in 2014, a white paper was issued by Fed Govt to act upon the report.

From all indications, the Buhari government is poised to implement the white paper issued in 2014 on the report.

The following statutory and non-statutory agencies are up for merger or out-and-out expulsion.

Their previous budgetary allocations gleaned from open-source materials suggests what could be saved when the NASS completes the repealing of some of the agencies.

The CBN, NNPC and many other agencies won’t be getting budgetary allocations in 2023.

Merge the Nigerian Communications Commission, National Broadcasting Commission, and Nigerian Postal Service into one single commission called the Communications Regulatory Authority of Nigeria.

The National Examinations Council (NECO) goes under the roof of the West African Examination Council (WAEC).

A merger of The Federal Radio Corporation of Nigeria, Voice of Nigeria and the Nigerian Television Authority to form the Federal Broadcasting Corporation of Nigeria.

Scrap the Federal Road Safety Corps while putting the agency under the Highways Department of the Federal Ministry of Works, and their staffers should be sent to the Police Service Commission and Vehicle Inspection Office.

Economic and Financial Crimes Commission( EFCC), the Independent Corrupt Practices and Other Related Offences Commission( ICPC) and the Code of Conduct Bureau become a single entity.

The Federal Airports Authority of Nigeria became privatised.

National Inland Waterways goes under the roof of the Nigerian Ports Authority. The report says to abolish the National Rural Electrification Agency.

Pull the plug on 23 research institutes and fund them through the National Research and Development Fund and research grants.

The National Directorate of Employment and the Small and Medium Enterprises Development Agency of Nigeria merge to become the National Agency for Job Creation and Empowerment.
Privatise Nigerian Communication Satellite.

Hajj and Christian Pilgrims Commissions funding from Govt should discontinue. Merge Administrative Staff College of Nigeria and the Public Service Institute of Nigeria.

Repeal the law establishing the National Salaries and Wages Commission and transfer its functions to the Revenue Mobilisation and Fiscal Responsibility Commission.

The Infrastructure Concession Regulatory Commission goes under the Bureau of Public Enterprise.

The Border Communities Development Agency is to be absorbed by the National Boundary Commission.

Cut recurrent expenditure funding of the National Institute for Policy and Strategic Studies while maintaining the capital expenditure.

Merge the National Emergency Management Agency and the National Commission for Refugees.
The Nigerian Institute of Social and Economic Research is to be funded by a proposed National Research Development Fund.

The National Agency for the Control of AIDS goes under the roof of the Nigeria Centre for Disease Control.

Privatise The Nigerian Communication Satellite.
National Board for Technical Education and the National Commission for Colleges of Education to morph into the Tertiary Education Commission.

Quit approving concurrent expenditure for the National Open University of Nigeria.

The Nomadic Education Commission and Mass Literacy Council go under the wing of the Universal Basic Education Commission.

The Federal Ministry of Environment and the Department of Petroleum Resources take over the National Oil Spill Detection and Response Agency.

The Ministry of Environment assumes the functions of the National Environmental Standards and Regulations Enforcement Agency.

Scrap the Institute for Peace and Conflict Resolution and transfer its functions to the Department of Strategic Studies at the Nigerian Institute of International Affairs.
Cut the Directorate of Technical Cooperation in Africa.

Federal Ministry of Trade and Investment to take over the functions of the Nigerian Copyright Commission (NCC) after repealing the law establishing NCC.

Scrap the National Productivity Centre.

Abolish the National Steel Raw Materials Exploration Agency and transfer its functions to the Nigerian Geological Survey Agency.

Scrap National Metallurgical Development Centre, Jos, and Metallurgical Training Institute, Onitsha.

Merge the Petroleum Products Pricing Regulatory Agency and the Petroleum Equalisation Fund.

The Nigerian Content Development and Monitoring Board to accommodate the Petroleum Technology Development Fund.

Scrap the Federal Ministry of Police Affairs and saddle its functions with the Ministry of Special Duties.
Merger the National Council of Arts and Culture with the National Troupe of Nigeria and the National Theatre.

Scrap The National Power Training Institute of Nigeria.

Discard The National Centre for Technology Management.

A proposed National Commission for Museums to be formed from the merger between the National Commission for Museums and Monuments with the National Gallery of Arts.

Abolish The Nigeria Institute for Hospitality and Tourism Development Studies, and its functions were taken over by the Nigerian Tourism Development Corporation.

Shut Down all 774 field offices of the National Orientation Agency and give the duties to the Public Communications Department in the Ministry of Information and Culture.
Close down the duplicating National Institute for Cultural Orientation.

Nigerian Import-Export Promotion Commission would be formed after merging the Nigerian Export Promotion Council and the Nigerian Investment Promotion Commission.

Discard the National Centre for Automotive Design and Development Council.

Do away with the Oil and Gas Free Zones Authority while transferring its functions to the Nigerian Export Processing Zone Authority.

Stop funding the recurrent expenditure of the Maritime Academy of Nigeria, Oron but maintain the capital expenditure.

Stop funding Nigeria Football Federation as advised by FIFA.

Abolish Federal Character Commission and Fiscal Responsibility Commission.

However, the Federal Government is not prepared to sack workers, even though the President would decide what to reject and adopt out of the list.

Economy

Aftermath of subsidy removal: Nigerians to buy Petrol for N462 per litre. — NNPC

The Eyewitness reporter

Nigerians have been advised to brace up for a tougher time ahead as the Premium Motor Spirit (PMS), otherwise known as petrol, is expected to sell for a minimum of N462 per litre.

This price will however come to effect after the expected removal of the controversial subsidy.

The Group General Manager, Group Public Affairs Division, Nigerian National Petroleum Company (NNPC) Limited, Garba Muhammad, dropped this hint on Sunday.

He claimed that the federal government currently pays N297 per litre for 68 million litres of petrol consumed daily to reduce the price of fuel at the filling station.

” But if the government stops subsidising PMS, the price will double” he declared.

The price of the product currently oscillates between N175 to N180 per litre.

However, the present government has tactically evaded the arduous task of subsidy removal which it has shifted till next year for the succeeding government to inherit.

Recall that the subsidy was scheduled for removal in January 2022, however, President Muhammadu Buhari postponed it for 18 months and has not planned the second quarter of 2023 for the removal.

The NNPC spokesman, in a statement, also defended the consumption rate disclosed by the NNPC, after the Customs Comptroller-General, Col. Hameed Ali (retd.) faulted the oil company’s claim.

Ali had stated that NNPC couldn’t scientifically support the 98 million litres/day it claimed to have imported in a year, and only imports 38 million litres of PMS per day.

Muhammad however insisted that 67 million litres had been imported per day between January to August 2022.

“The NNPC Ltd notes the average daily evacuation (Depot truck out) from January to August 2022 stands at 67million litres per day as reported by the Nigerian Midstream and Downstream Petroleum Regulatory Authority, NMDPRA.

” Daily Evacuation (Depot loadouts) records of the NMDPRA do carry daily oscillation ranging from as low as 4 million litres to as high as 100 million litres per day” he declared.

On petrol and its cost burden which the NNPC now bears, Mohammed said after oil marketing companies (OMCs) withdrew from PMS import in 2017, NNPC has been the sole supplier of petrol into the country.

In the statement, Muhammad explained that “rising crude oil prices and PMS supply costs above PPPRA (now NMDPRA) cap had forced oil marketing companies’ (OMCs) withdrawal from PMS import since the fourth quarter of 2017.

“In the light of these challenges, NNPC has remained the supplier of last resort and continues to transparently report the monthly PMS cost under-recoveries to the relevant authorities.

“NNPC limited also notes the average Q2, 2022 international market determined landing cost was US$1,283/MT and the approved marketing and distribution cost of A46/litre.

“The combination of these cost elements translates to a retail pump price of N462/litre and an average subsidy of N297/litre and an annual estimate of N6.5 trillion on the assumption of 60 million litres daily PMS supply.

” This will continuously be adjusted by market and demand realities.

“NNPC Ltd shall continue to ensure compliance with the existing governance framework that requires the participation of relevant government agencies in all PMS discharge operations, including Nigerian Ports Authority, Nigerian Midstream and Downstream Petroleum Regulatory Authority, Nigerian Navy, Nigeria Customs Service, NIMASA and all others.” the statement concluded.

Economy

CBN rescues ailing airlines with $265 million to settle outstanding ticket sales

CBN Governor, Godwin Emefiele

The Eyewitness reporter

The Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) has intervened in the brewing crisis in the aviation sector when on Friday, it released the sum of $265 million to airlines operating in the country, to settle outstanding ticket sales.

A breakdown of the figure indicates that the sum of $230 million was released as a special Forex intervention while another sum of $35 million was released through the Retail SMIS auction.

Confirming the release, the Director, Corporate Communications Department at the CBN, Mr. Osita Nwanisobi said the Governor, Godwin Emefiele and his team were concerned about the development and what it portends for the sector and travelers as well as the country in the comity of nations.

Mr. Nwanisobi reiterated that the Bank was not against any company repatriating its funds from the country, adding that what the Bank stood for was an orderly exit for those that might be interested in doing so.

With Friday’s release, it is expected that operators and travelers as well will heave huge sighs of relief, as some airlines had threatened to withdraw their services in the face suffocating business environment.